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Confidence-Building Measures for Responsible AI in the Military
This paper examines the growing integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into military systems within an increasingly multipolar and contested global environment, highlighting both its transformative potential and inherent risks. It analyses the operational, technical, legal, ethical, and political challenges associated with responsible military AI, and proposes capability- and behaviour-based Confidence-Building Measures to mitigate the risks of escalation and instability.